A RARE CASE OF SICKLE CELL TRAIT WITH SEVERE ANEMIA WITH MEGALOBLASTOID CHANGES IN TRIPURA : CASE REPORT

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder caused by a point mutation in gene that encodes the β-globin chain of hemoglobin. The mutation results in replacement of glutamate by valine. The mutant hemoglobin (HbS) polymerizes red blood cells & cause blockage, resulting in acute, severe pain called a sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) is an emerging public health challenge, not only in India but also globally. In India, SCD is distributed geographically in the central and western regions. Here we are presenting a rare case of Sickle Cell Trait with Severe Anemia with Megaloblastic changes in a middle aged man in Tripura. A Male patient in his forties came to the OPD with severe lethargy & generalised weakness. Patient had Hypoalbuminemia, Anemia with Marked Anisopoikilocytosis. Bone marrow showed Megaloblastoid changes. After evaluation of
HPLC Chromatogram of Hemoglobin Electrophoresis with a Sickle Window of 15.7 %, HbA2 2.6%, HbF <0.8%, HbA0 71.6% was diagnosed as Sickle Cell Trait by the Authors. Although Sickle Cell Trait being the benign form of the disease, here it presented with severe Anemia. Hypoalbuminemia also supports the nding of Pedal Edema. Treatment provider we should always look for hematological status of the patient & encourage the patient for treatment of Anemia.