DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRA SOUND GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION AND ULTRA SOUND GUIDED FINE NEEDLE NON ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY IN GOITRE

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment has become a necessity in management of thyroid lesion. USG guided fine needle
aspiration cytology (FNAC) and USG guided Fine needle non aspiration cytology (FNNAC) are useful cost effective techniques for pre-operative
evaluation of the lesion. Both techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages and superiority of one over the other is hard to establish.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound guided FNAC and ultrasound guided FNNAC in Goitre.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: To compare FNAC and FNNAC with histopathological examination (HPE) in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions in
terms of type of nodule/lesion and to designate diagnostic accuracy for benign and malignant lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Around 40 patients with thyroid lesion, enrolled in sequential manner were included in this cross sectional
study conducted, between January 2018 and July 2019. Both ultra sound guided FNAC and FNNAC were done for the patients. Patient was
subjected to proposed surgery based on FNAC report. Reporting of FNAC, FNNAC and HPE was done by individual pathologists who were
blinded about other reports. The reports of FNAC and FNNAC were compared with final HPE report and data were analyzed.
RESULTS: We have concluded that the maximum incidence of thyroid lesions occurred in the third decade of life. Thyroid lesions show a female
preponderance with the current study showing 98% of the study population being female. Colloid goitre was the most common benign lesion and
papillary carcinoma was the most common malignancy accounting for 52.5% and 12.5 % of the study population, respectively. USG guided
FNNAC had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and Negative predictive value of 83.3%, 94.5%, 71% and 97% respectively. The
diagnostic accuracy of ultra sound guided FNNAC (95.5%) was found to be higher than that of ultra sound guided FNAC (92.5%).
CONCLUSION: In spite of conflicting evidences in literature, our study has shown ultrasound guided FNNAC had better diagnostic accuracy
than ultrasound guided FNAC in thyroid lesion.